Now, the design of spring is the application of the stress and deformation of the spring calculation formula is derived according to the mechanics of materials, without a certain amount of practical experience, it is difficult to use spring testing machine design and manufacture of
precision spring.
With the improvement of design stress, many previous experience no longer apply.
For example, the design of the spring stress increase, spiral Angle, can make the spring fatigue source from the inside of the spring coil is transferred to the lateral.
For this purpose, the precision of the analytical technology must be used, the finite element method is widely used on the current.
the characteristics of the vehicle suspension spring is besides enough fatigue life, the permanent deformation is smaller, the relaxation resistance within the prescribed scope, or body barycenter offset will occur.
At the same time, want to consider environmental corrosion on its fatigue life.
With the increase of vehicle maintenance period, the permanent deformation and fatigue life are put forward the more strict requirements, design method of high precision must be used for this purpose.
The finite element method can predict in detail the spring stress influence on fatigue life and permanent deformation, accurately reflect the material on the relationship between the spring fatigue life and permanent deformation.
in recent years, the spring of the finite element method to design has entered the stage of practical application, has realized a lot of useful reports, such as spiral Angle's influence on the spring stress;
The finite element method to calculate the relationship between stress and fatigue life.
For the same structure of the spring, under the same load, the less effective circle or spiral Angle of the big stress of the high stress of spring, the results of the two methods is a big difference.
This is because, with the increase of helical Angle and eccentric loading, the spring diameter or lateral deformation is larger, and stress is bigger also.
With the current design and calculation method can not exactly reflect, and finite element law can more precisely reflect out.
in addition, in the process of the design of the spring also introduced optimization design.
Spring structure is relatively simple, function is simple, less influence the structure and performance parameter, so the designers have long used analytic method and graphical method or graphic analytic method to seek the optimal design scheme, achieved some results.
With the development of computing technology, the use of computer to the optimal design of nonlinear programming, paying off.
reliability design is to ensure the reliability of the design of product and adopt a series of analysis and design technology, its task is in the prediction and prevention of product may be down, on the basis of making the product reaches the reliability of the designed target, is a supplement and perfection of traditional design method.
Spring design in using the reliability technology has made a certain progress, but should further perfect, to the development and accumulation of data.
as the spring application technology development, also presents many designers need to pay attention to and solve new problems.
Such as materials, crush and shot peening treatment on the fatigue performance and the effect of relaxation performance, when the design is difficult to exactly calculate;
To take an examination of the experimental data to set and as according to the current design formula and the number of turns, made of spring stiffness are smaller than design stiffness value, need to reduce the effective number of turns, just can meet the design requirements.
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